Carole Nakhle

Some countries have a stranglehold on the materials the world needs to build a low-carbon economy.

Despite Western sanctions and volatile prices, Russian oil exports proved resilient last year. The global oil market may face different challenges in 2023.

Governments interfere with pricing mechanisms to shield consumers and companies from rising energy costs, but such measures only deepen the problems in the long run.

Germany woke up too late to the risks of energy dependence on Russia. Moscow’s natural gas shutoff may make it one of the hardest-hit EU economies.

With all those advantages, small modular reactors could make the nuclear dream a reality for many countries.

Europe faces an unprecedented scramble for gas. Russia may be strategically limiting supplies. Gas markets will eventually correct themselves.